CLASSIFICATION OF FUNGAL INFECTION
( based on primary site of infection)
( based on primary site of infection)
nMycosis (fungal infection):
nSuperficial mycosis:
n dermatophytosis, candidiasis, pityriasis versicolor.
nSubcutaneous mycosis:
nmycetoma, sporotrichosis, chromoblatomycosis.
nSystemic mycosis:
nhistoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, aspergilosis.
Clinical types of superficial fungal infection
nThe term “tinea” refers to as infection by dermatophytes. Tinea is named according to location on the body:
nTinea pedis and tinea manum ( feet and hands )
nTinea cruris ( inguinal folds )
nTinea capitis ( scalp )
nTinea corporis and tinea faciale ( body and face )
nTinea unguium ( onychomycosis ) (nail )
nPityriasis versicolor ( tinea versicolor )
nCutaneous candidiasis
AETIOLOGY ( Dermatophytes )
nDermatophytes represent 39 closely related species in three genera:
n1. Epidermophyton.
n2. Trichophyton.
n3. Microsporum.
nDepending on whether a species resides predominantly in the soil, on animal or on humans, it is said to be geophilic, zoophilic or anthropophilic respectively.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
nAge:
Children, specially boys, are at risk for T. capitis.
nSex:
Overall, less common in females.
T. cruris is predominantly confined to males.
nHabit:
People who use occlusive footwear have increased incidence of Tinea pedis.
nClimate:
nIn hot and humid climates, increased incidence of Fungal infection.
More common in waistline in Bangladeshi ladies who ware shares.
nTemperature:
Most of the dermatophytes poorly grow at 37 c.
nBacterial competition and co-pathogens.
TINEA CAPITIS
nTypes of Tinea capitis:
n1. Kerion
n2. Favus
n3. Black dot T. capitis
n4. Gray patch T. capitis.
Therapy of Tinea capitis:
n1. Topical agents are ineffective in treating tinea
capitis.
n2. For children, griseofulvin , 20 mg /kg daily for 6 to 8
weeks is the treatment of choice.
n3. Oral terbinafine or itraconazole are alternative
drugs if treatment with griseofulvin fails.
n4. Shampooing with 2.5% selenium sulfide twice a
week helps to reduce viable fungal spores and
probably should be used by asymptomatic family
members to reduce the carrier state.
n5. In markedly inflammatory T. capitis ( kerion ), oral
corticosteroid is helpful in reducing the incidence
of scarring.
Concomitant steroid therapy with griseofulvin : A
short course of ( usually 3 to 5 days ) oral
prednisolone, 1 mg / kg per day is sufficient.
Herpes Simplex:http://herpessimplexofhuman.blogspot.com/
